Bahlawane Discussion Free Essays

The conversation is figured, as the whole proposition, alongside the two significant examinations done during this investigation. These are the investigation of the administrative instrument of wg qualities articulation in the initial segment and of Rem articulation in the subsequent part. An accentuation is given to the job of MucR in both guideline ways. We will compose a custom article test on Bahlawane Discussion or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now At long last, the end will attempt to bring up the outcomes of a between associated guideline and be shut on the job of MucR for the advantageous interaction proficiency in S. meliloti. I. Guideline plan of galactoglucan union in low and high Pi Published, additionally effectively altered II. Guideline plan of motility qualities in S. meliloti. Motility and chemotaxis offers smaller scale †life forms a particular preferred position when confronted with starvation, harmful substances or a prerequisite to move toward the fitting host. Be that as it may, the motility hardware puts high vitality requests on the cell. Microscopic organisms build up a severe guideline system to control the statement of motility †related qualities to stay away from wrong vitality consumption. Microorganisms likewise summon elective procedures for the guideline of motility when confronted with starvation or decreased supplement conditions. In certain microbes, e. g. , Serratia liquefaciens and Escherichia coli, this severe guideline results an expansion of capacity to relocate when confronted with diminished supplement conditions (Sharma, Anand, 2002). Evidently the technique is to connect with the motility apparatus just because of stress/starvation conditions by moving towards a superior domain. In other microscopic organisms, e. g. S. meliloti, the exacting guideline results relocation toward chemo-attractants under supplement adequate or abundance conditions and the improvement of the vegetative state and biofilm after experiencing pressure/starvation conditions (Wei, Bauer, 1998). Along these lines, S. meliloti was seen as motile all through dynamic development, when supplements are promptly accessible, and to become non-motile upon progress to the fixed stage (Rotter et al. , 2006). The piece of information of this guideline stayed obscure up to the present. A few advances have been performed by the revelation of Rem (Rotter et al. , 2006), a Class Ib controller, which articulation follows the cell motility. As of late, Hoang et al. (Hoang et al. , 2008) showed that majority detecting (QS) controlled motility in strain Rm8530 through the guideline of visNR articulation by ExpR by utilizing an obscure instrument. 1. Tweak of rem articulation Since rem articulation was seen as development †subordinate and that visN articulation was consistent all through the development, new controllers of motility were normal (Rotter et al. , 2006). In the current investigation, we exhibited that MucR influences motility by guideline of rem articulation. Authoritative of MucR to the advertiser area upstream of rem was appeared and a grouping offering similitudes to the MucR restricting site accord (Bertram-Drogatz et al. , 1998) was distinguished in this district. In any case, further examinations proposed that arrangements, downstream of this agreement, could be required for MucR official to the rem upstream locale. Since MucR hindrance was expanded by a change in rem, we hypothesized that the proportion of Rem/MucR levels in the cell may add to the guideline of motility in S. meliloti. In RU11/001, Rem was seen as present in extraordinary sum in cells at low thickness (Rotter et al. , 2006) and gradually vanish during the exponential development. We didn't recover an a lot higher rem translation level at low cell thickness in our wild kind Rm2011. Notwithstanding, we can't avoid that post †transcriptional guideline is liable for the gathering of Rem protein in Rm2011 at low cell thickness. On the off chance that significant levels of Rem are available in the cell, the impact of MucR on guideline of rem seems, by all accounts, to be insignificant. Reliable with this hypothesis, we saw that at low cell densities, the outflow of rem advertiser was restrained within the sight of an unblemished mucR locus and a disturbed rem locus, however not within the sight of an utilitarian rem locus. In such situation, the amount of Rem inside the cell in a culture of low cell thickness may be sufficiently high to totally cover the impact of MucR, while at higher cell thickness, the higher amount of MucR inside the cell may be adequate to repress translation of rem. Another clarification for the distinction of rem articulation design between the strain RU11/001 and Rm2011 may be the expR status of these two autonomous wild sorts. Surely, Rm2011 displays an inclusion component inside expR (Pellock et al. , 2002), prompting a non †useful quality and subsequently an insufficient majority detecting (QS) framework. It was recently indicated that the Sin/ExpR majority detecting framework (Marketon et al. , 2002;Marketon et al. , 2003) down-controls motility and chemotaxis qualities and that the visN-visR operon was an objective for the LuxR-type controller ExpR (HOANG 2004, HOANG 2008). We could affirm the restraint of visN articulation by AHL-initiated ExpR and its hand-off to the rem articulation. Besides, McIntosh showed official of ExpR to the advertiser area of visN within the sight of AHLs suggesting that ExpR legitimately directs translation of visN-visR (individual correspondence). While rem articulation levels are directed by a few controllers, including ExpR, VisN and VisR, as showed in this examination and somewhere else (Hoang et al. , 2008;Rotter et al. , 2006) it is obscure what elements influence articulation of the autoregulated mucR quality (Muller et al. , 1993). Be that as it may, MucR seems to work as a repressor, both in the nearness and nonattendance of an utilitarian Sin majority detecting framework (Bahlawane C. et al. , 2008;McIntosh et al. , 2008), recommending that the guideline of mucR articulation isn't reliant on majority detecting, in spite of the fact that this remaining parts to be affirmed. 2. Prerequisite for swimming and amassing motility This investigation features another intriguing part of motility with regards to S. meliloti, to be specific, amassing, however not swimming, relies upon the nearness of an utilitarian majority detecting framework and galactoglucan creation. The prerequisite of exopolysaccharides for amassing was as of late featured in a huge scope examination of Tn5 freaks showing amassing deserts in Rhizobium etli (Braeken et al. , 2008). The prerequisite of a practical majority detecting for amassing was moreover found in Rhizobium etli (Braeken et al. , 2008;Daniels et al. , 2006). Be that as it may, this strain displays two diverse majority detecting frameworks CinIR and RaiIR, with an a lot more brilliant QS signal atoms range. We exhibited that in S. meliloti, just those strains with a flawless ExpR/Sin majority detecting framework and equipped for galactoglucan and flagella creation demonstrated the capacity to crowd. Regardless of whether MucR tweaked the outflow of the controller of motility, the swimming capacity of a mucR, expR †freak (Rm101) was not influenced. Hence, swimming required flagella creation, however not the ExpR/Sin framework and galactoglucan biosynthesis. Swimming is an individual undertaking, while amassing is the planned development of a populace of microscopic organisms in high thickness media or over a surface and has been demonstrated to be far reaching among lashed microorganisms, especially in relationship with majority detecting (Harshey, 2003;Sharma, Anand, 2002). Henceforth, the contribution of majority detecting in amassing, yet not in swimming, might be a significant component in coordination of motility. 3. Interconnection between both guideline systems and examination with different strains Coupling of the guideline of bacterial exopolysaccharide creation and the guideline of cell motility has likewise been found in Ralstonia solanacearum (5), Vibrio cholerae (1, 34), and Salmonella enterica (7), and apparently expands the capacity of the cells to cooperate with their forthcoming host cells. We found that ExpR capacities as inhibitor of the ace controller of motility VisNR, notwithstanding its job as an activator of the declaration of the galactoglucan qualities within the sight of Sin AHLs and emphatically influence articulation of exoK and exsH prompting the depolymerisation of succinoglycan (McIntosh et al. , 2008). Also, MucR is appeared to hinder the motility through rem articulation, notwithstanding its job in the initiation the HMW succinoglycan creation and restraint of the galactoglucan creation. This fits well to the contrary guideline for succinoglycan biosynthesis and motility discovered beforehand for S. meliloti strains (Hoang et al. , 2008;Wells et al. , 2007;Yao et al. , 2004). A model is hence proposed (Fig. 4. 2) where the reverse guideline of succinoglycan and flagella blend, just as the job of MucR and ExpR are featured. Figure 4. 1 Regulation schem of the motility in S. meliloti Dashed lines show an obscure guideline way and lines show an immediate guideline through exhibited DNA/protein communications. The immediate impact of ExoR/ExoS must be further examinations, expecially the association with visN advertiser must be explained. Part 2 Conclusion Taking in account the plan of galactoglucan combination guideline (Fig. 4. 1) and the plan of motility guideline (Fig. 4. 2) proposed in this investigation, we may attempt to follow the impact of such guideline ways in the life †styles of the microscopic organisms. The last one is named as free †living microorganism or as symbiont in the plant root. In the principal case, the microscopic organisms are presented to dryness and supplements starvation. At this stage, the biofilm creation is a pre-essential for endurance. In this way, the EPS’s biosynthesis must be turned ON. As it is very implausible that the cell thickness is sufficiently high to actuate the majority detecting framework, we can hypothesize that MucR assumes a key job in initiating the succinoglycan biosynthesis. Since the dirt shows extremely low degree of Pi, galactoglucan is, now delivered through the activ

Kate Chopin Essay

Who strikes a chord when the term â€Å"American author† is referenced? A great deal of female writers of today would state Kate Chopin, one of the most autonomous authors of the nineteenth century. In spite of the fact that Kate Chopin didn’t live to see her work re-distributed, she is a significant writer to contemplate in light of the fact that her accounts are compelling, her desire stimulates her perusers, and her perspective backings free ladies. In contrast to the greater part of the ladies during her timeframe, Chopin didn’t concur on leaving the men alone in charge. After two or three her accounts were distributed in Vogue Magazine, as â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† and â€Å"A Pair of Silk Stockings†, individuals started to begin loving Chopin’s short stories (Powell). Vogue had even cited how they â€Å"admired her cerebrums and beauty† (Powell). It wasn’t until Chopin chose to give a greater amount of her conviction of autonomy and think of her first novel â€Å"The Awakening† for individuals of that chance to begin disdaining her. Distributers refered to what they considered â€Å"promotion of female self-affirmation and sexual liberation† (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). Libraries restricted Chopin and her companions evaded her as her notoriety began to fall. Kate Chopin may impact ladies today, however during her social period she wasn’t viewed by many. Naturally introduced to a noticeable St. Louis family, Chopin was affected by her mom and extraordinary grandma after the demise of her dad. Her family slid from French-Creole pioneers and that additionally impacted her to be engaged with music, school, and expressions (Kate Chopin: The Awakening, The Storm, Stories, Biography). Chopin moved on from a religious circle school at age seventeen (Kate Chopin). In 1870 she wedded Oscar Chopin, who was likewise Creole plunge, and they had six kids. His demise in 1883 was when Kate Chopin chose to turn out to be progressively genuine about composition (Kate Chopin). She sold all the land her and her significant other claimed and moved back to St. Louis with her mom. Family companions who discovered her letters engaging urged her to â€Å"write professionally† (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). Chopin began composing short stories and in the end started having her accounts distributed in periodicals. Well known American periodicals distributed Kate Chopin, for example, America, Vogue, and the Atlantic (Powell). Her assortments â€Å"Bayou Folk† and â€Å"A Night in Acadie† caused her notoriety to develop as a significant colorist at that point (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). Chopin began expounding on her husband’s passing and her reaction to it. In the wake of attempting to distribute â€Å"The Awakening† she was promptly dismissed on the grounds that during the time it wasn’t suitable. The tale oppressed as female sexuality and infidelity (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). Her notoriety declined significantly after that and Chopin needed to abandon composing all together. Since all her work is republished, individuals think that its extremely rousing, particularly ladies. Pundits today state that â€Å"her work is centered around the spearheading utilization of mental authenticity, emblematic symbolism, and arousing themes† (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). A lot of female journalists today are supported by Chopin’s short stories, books, and articles. One of Kate Chopin’s most renowned short stories is â€Å"The Story of an Hour†. The principle character, Mrs. Mallard discovers her significant other just kicked the bucket. She didn’t hear the awful news equivalent to most widows would have. At long last she could do what she needed without any other individual instructing her, is as far as she could tell. She was as yet youthful with a pretty face and she needed to show it off. She continued murmuring â€Å"free, body and soul free† (Kate Chopin: A Re-Awakening). Mrs. Mallard began preparing of her. Those days would be her own days to live by. As she made the way for bounce directly to all her new chances, there stood Mr. Mallard. Mrs. Mallard fell over, when the specialist came he said she had kicked the bucket of a coronary illness. She delighted in feeling free and it when she discovered it could never again be she crumpled. In spite of the fact that â€Å"The Story of an Hour† didn’t have a joyfully ever in the wake of completion, Kate Chopin gave her actual significance of the short story by utilizing imagery, correlation, and decisiveness (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). At the point when Mr. Mallard passed on it was emblematic for Oscar Chopin, and how Kate herself felt as a lady a while later. After the demise, the story portrays Mrs. Mallard glancing out the window and everything looks like there’s more opportunity, which is likewise emblematic for herself having more opportunity without her better half instructing her. Chopin utilizes correlation in her accounts to give her perusers what she’s experienced and demonstrate autonomy is significant. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, not exclusively did the author’s and Mrs. Mallard’s spouses kick the bucket, however they have a similar mentality about the circumstance (Kate Chopin: A Re-Awakening). Chopin utilizes examination with the character and herself to show what she truly means and make it simpler to portray the topic. Kate Chopin is generally known for her decisiveness in this specific story and without it she may not be also known today. She talked her sentiments and genuine implications through this activity and that’s what drove her to be so free. Chopin realized individuals would disapprove of this quality, yet it was trustworthiness. During the time Kate Chopin had a go at distributing her work, the ethics were unique in relation to they are currently. Her accounts, to many individuals, are powerful. Analysts have noticed that â€Å"her impact on later women's activist composition and think of her as a significant American short story writer† (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). Her work urges individuals to go to bat for what they have faith in, paying little heed to what individuals consider them for doing as such. Additionally to let her perusers feel opportunity and that everybody is equivalent. A bunch of her short stories have a similar plot and story, however they all have various implications in which impact scholars today to take a stab at what they have faith in. After â€Å"The Awakening†, individuals accepted that it stimulated the perusers. Chopin didn’t deliberately need for this to occur, however she wasn’t like most ladies of that time. Short story after short story, her work turned out to be increasingly visual and energizing. Obviously during her time nobody enjoyed it, yet now the energy in her accounts makes one of the most significant characteristics. At that point, it was not quite the same as anything anybody has ever perused. A woman’s opportunity, which such a large number of individuals misinterpreted, was a tremendous distinction and struggle at that point (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). Many state she â€Å"broke another ground of literature† (Powell). It’s Chopin’s rousing energy that stimulates her perusers and makes them need to return for additional. The greater part of what has been expounded on Kate Chopin is women's activist in nature or is centered around women’s positions in the public arena (Powell). The late nineteenth century, no ladies were free. Kate Chopin stood firm and that’s all she expounded on. After her husband’s demise, she senses that she has more opportunity and autonomy. Somebody not guiding her constantly; what she’s been needing so severely. Her work assists ladies with perceiving the results of activity, and causes them discover singular opportunity (Kate Chopin: The Awakening, The Storm, Stories, Biography). Female authors admire her significantly on account of how she had the option to stand firm and express her genuine thoughts, without caring what individuals thought of her. She was one of the primary ladies in her century to compose frank fiction writing, rebelling against convention and authority (Chopin, Kate †Introduction). Chopin’s exceptionally regarded as an essayist through the comprehension of the considerable number of confusions to get her assertion out for lady freedom (Powell). Through her persuasive stories, aspiration, and backing of free ladies, she turned into a rousing American creator. It may’ve took society 50 years to get a handle on what Kate Chopin achieved, yet now she is at long last known as a solid autonomous lady, and that’s all she needed to be known for.

Literature rewiev Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Writing rewiev - Essay Example She moreover firmly recommended that sufficient preparing of staff and educators is expected to improve the nature of mainstreaming and consideration rehearses. The Audit Commission Report (2002) found that there is a hole among strategy and work on, refering to a few instances of British schools where the obligation to standard instruction is missing where the training of a kid with SEN is contrary with the rest. A similar report found that youngsters with SEN experienced more noteworthy or lesser trouble in picking up admission to their school of decision. Youngsters with enthusiastic and conduct challenges had most issues, trailed by kids with ADHD, and afterward those with mentally unbalanced range issue (ASD). The report discoveries are upheld by Sage (2004) and Wright (2003) yet not by Wilkins et al. (2004). Regardless of the across the board reception of arrangements on mainstreaming, and all the more as of late on comprehensive instruction for kids and youngsters with SEN, little is really thought about the connection between teachers' opinion of such approaches and the sort of learning situations they give. An investigation (Monsen and Frederickson, 2004) in New Zealand including 63 grade teachers and 1,729 students reasoned that kids educated by educators who embraced profoundly uplifting perspectives towards mainstreaming were found to have fundamentally more significant levels of study hall fulfillment and barely lower levels of homeroom erosion that youngsters instructed by instructors with more negative mentalities. MacKay (2002) tested a significant number of the overarching patterns according to handicap and custom curriculum needs. Taking an expansive perspective on improvements since Warnock, and giving an intriguing understanding into activities in Scotland, Gilbert MacKay offered an examination of five manners by which the thought of handicap, and the pragmatic truth of our reactions to it, are by and large unhelpfully expelled from the instructive field. While all can endeavor to advance types of consideration that incorporate ever-augmenting parameters of decent variety, nobody's inclinations are served if the ramifications of people's challenges are just disregarded or wished away. MacKay featured threats in some ongoing patterns yet additionally focuses the path towards a considerably more responsive and gainful future. A few ongoing exploration considers have come out on the experience of consideration and mainstreaming in British instruction. Simmons and Bayliss (2007) talked about the job of exceptional schools and the reasonableness of isolation. Craftsman (2007) concentrated on the job of schools as research associations. Whitehurst (2007) accentuated the significance of finding out about the encounters of the youngsters who are the object of mainstreaming rehearses. Keil et al. (2006) thought of illuminating examination discoveries on SEN and incapacity. Frederickson et al. (2007) surveyed the social and full of feeling results of consideration. Lindsay (2003) tended to the advancement of consideration and comprehensive practices, models of exceptional instructive needs and handicap, and the qualities that support contemplating these issues. Putting together his contention with respect to the exploration proof, Lindsay gives a looking through evaluate of winning ideas about consideration and of ebb and flow ways to deal with examine. His decisions will bear some significance with everybody worried about the instruction of youngsters and youthful

Patriotism Essays (383 words) - Patriotism, Communism,

Where might our nation be without energy? Where might we be without enthusiasm? Would we be living in a Communist district? Would we have opportunity, rights and security? Those are questions you should consider. Energy was in the daring Patriots and our establishing fathers who met up and manufactured our country. Energy despite everything matters right up 'til the present time on the grounds that we?re every still loyalist on the most fundamental level. We despite everything battle to help our opportunity and security. How might you want to live in a country that picks who you wed, picks where to live, makes you work an occupation that you probably won't have any desire to, and doesn't permit you the opportunity to express your real thoughts? On the off chance that the individuals who established our nation didn't have energy as a main priority, that is the means by which we would be living. Indeed, even in present time, if our warriors don't have enthusiasm, we would have lost our opportunity. The American Government and Armed Forces put forth a valiant effort to forestall the spread of Communism and supplant Communist Governments with Democracy. Or on the other hand what about 9/11/01, after the fear based oppressors assaulted, our nation didn't lounge around and groan, we stood up and retaliated and assumed responsibility to show that we will take care of business. Without enthusiasm, we would be managed by Great Britain since we wouldn?t have effectively rebelled against Great Britain?s government. Extraordinary Britain is aligns with us, however with all due regard, we wouldn?t be free. Our administration is partitioned into three branches. Not one branch has pretty much force that the other. Our arrangement of government is going by a President instead of a King. I?m not very sure about Britain?s government yet as far as anyone is concerned, I accept they are as yet controlled by a King. Once more, with all due regard, I trust America is an all the more free, a more secure, and more grounded nation than Great Britain. Enthusiasm just doesn?t still issue, it is fundamental to our nation. Energy was available on the day our district was conceived, will at present be here until the apocalypse. Nationalism resembles water to a plant. At the point when a plant is given water, it becomes more grounded. The equivalent applies to energy. At the point when nationalism stays present in our nation, our nation becomes more grounded.

College Made Me A NerdAnd I Love It

College Made Me A Nerdâ€"And I Love It So heres the deal: I worked my butt off in school to get where I am today. I spent hours on end studying and took AP classes when I could. I put in a lot of effort to excel academically. Truth be told, school was hard for me. It wasnt until college that I began to love learning. Photo from Rachel Hernandez When I came to the University of Illinois, I began seeing a change in the way I viewed academics. Rather than dreading my next paper, I saw an opportunity to challenge myself. Studying became a great way to meet new people (and a great excuse to buy a pricey latte from Espresso Royale), while walking to class served as a form of exercise. The ironic part, though, was that my classes were harder than they had ever been, and my grades were better than they had ever been. There are a few different factors that contribute to the academic success I have found at the University of Illinois. First, I began studying topics that I wanted right off the bat. My freshman year was loaded with education courses, psychology, and writing workshop coursesâ€"three things I loved. General Education courses have a bad reputation, but at the University of Illinois, students are able to fulfill general education requirements from a multitude of classes. Second, my work ethic changed drastically. In high school, my days featured eight 50-minute classes followed by three hours of lacrosse practice. I was constantly over-extending myself, and my grades (and sleep schedule) suffered. Now, I masterfully juggle student teaching, my coursework, and two part time jobs. Why? There is finally enough time in my day to do all of these things. Most students have only two or three classes each day, which allows students the flexibility to explore other interests. Photo from Rachel Hernandez Last, but certainly not least, I have the support I need in all aspects of my academic life. I am lucky enough to have professors willing to go the extra mile to assist me, peers to bounce ideas off of, and an academic advisor who is unimaginably accessible. Seriously, how many college students have an advisor that knows them by name? This post is primarily for those of you who think you are not smart enough to attend the University of Illinois: get that silly idea out of your head. Anyone who is willing to put in the effort can excel here. Whoever you were in high school, leave it behind and take advantage of an opportunity to better your academic self. I did and believe me, I dont regret a thing. Rachel Class of 2020 I am studying Middle Grades Education with concentrations in Social Sciences and Literacy in the College of Education. Although I now reside in Champaign, I am originally from Vernon Hills, a Northwest suburb of Chicago.

Frank McCourt, Angelas Ashes Book Reaction Assignment Paper - 275 Words

Frank McCourt, Angelas Ashes Book Reaction Assignment Paper (Reaction Paper Sample) Content: NameInstructorCourseDateFrank McCourt, Angelas Ashes Book Reaction PaperEverybody thinks their childhood is one of a kind, however, do we not all have essentially similar experiences? McCourt experiences events like other children, yet that actuality is overlooked once the reader starts Angela's Ashes. Genuine reality turns out to be less essential than this young man's view of reality, after which the center is set and stays there all through the book. McCourt is not telling the narrative of what happened, but instead of how the experiences related with his own advancement. He captures and draws the reader into himself by writing in the first person and utilizing an individual tone which dependably mirrors his point of view. In the first chapter, he discreetly sets himself up as the main character in his book, prompting the reader not to perceive him as a child but rather become the child.At the beginning of his memoir, McCourt writes as he portrays the world in whic h he grows up. For he makes a different world for himself, where individuals he knows come in and out at whatever point they can hold his consideration. McCourt's reality serves as a method of dealing with stress and, in addition, a declaration of his innovativeness. This memoir grasps and maneuvers the reade...

Analysis Of Left Handed Commencement Address - 1064 Words

The speech that I chose to analyze is called, â€Å"A Left-Handed Commencement Address† by Ursula K. Le Guin who was a science fiction writer, and has many honorary and awards. She was offered to give this speech for the Mills college class of 1983 for a way to speak in public in the language of women. As I chose my speech, I often thought of why this speech was called a, â€Å"left-handed commencement address†. It comes from one of the novels that this specific person wrote called, â€Å"The left-hand of darkness†. This novel was known as one of her best works and she is also known as being one of the era’s best female feminist thinkers. The target audience is clearly women, in one of her first sentences of this was â€Å"I know there are men graduation,†¦show more content†¦When it comes to things like gender equality, and feminism people are going to have their own feelings and opinions about these certain subjects. It could bring strong, sympathetic, angry, or uninterested. Either way, it brings you some type of emotion to create pathos. She also uses words like â€Å"we† and â€Å"us† to involve herself with the audience to make feel what she’s feeling. One thing she states that â€Å"If we want to live as women, some separatism is forced upon us: Mills College is a wise embodiment of that separatism. The war-games world wasn’t made by us or for us; we can’t even breathe the air there without masks† (1). Logos is an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason. The way she used logos is by talking about how men have always been the one in charge, or in the past the only one to be able to accomplish things in life, and not feel so inferior to men, so why can’t women do that. One example from the passage says, â€Å"All that the Warrior denies and refuses is left to us and the men who share it with us and therefore, like us, can’t play doctor, only nurse, can’t be warriors, only civilians, can’t be chiefs, only Indians. Well so that is our country. The night side of our country. If there is a day side to it, high sierras, prairies of bright grass, we only know pioneers’ tales about it, we haven’t got there yet. We’re never going to get there byShow MoreRelatedConstruction Of A Storage Facility For Leicester Tennis Ltd2510 Words   |  11 Pagesinformation involved in planning and executing the construction of a sto rage facility for Leicester Tennis Ltd. This report will define the scope to the key stakeholders involved in the building of the new storage facility. It (the report) includes a SWOT analysis, which enumerates the strengths and weaknesses of project, and also points out the available opportunities. 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Young Goodman Brown Quotes

Young Goodman Brown is a short story by Nathaniel Hawthorne (author of The Scarlet Letter) that centers around a young Puritan in New England and his deal with the Devil. Young Goodman Brown is famous for being a representation of American Romantic literature and is often studied in American literature classrooms as an important short work involving the Puritans and other essential themes. Read the story and check out some of the most iconic quotes from the story, then compare Young Goodman Brown with another famous American story about a mans Faustian deal with the Devil, The Devil and Tom Walker by Washington Irving. Quotes Prithee put off your journey until sunrise and sleep in your own bed to-night. A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts that shes afeard of herself sometimes. Pray tarry with me this night, dear husband, of all nights in the year. The traveler knows not who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs overhead; so that with lonely footsteps he may yet be passing through an unseen multitude. On he flew among the black pines, brandishing his staff with frenzied gestures, now giving vent to an inspiration of horrid blasphemy, and now shouting forth such laughter as set all the echoes of the forest laughing like demons around him. The fiend in his own shape is less hideous than when he rages in the breast of man. The young man sat a few moments by the roadside, applauding himself greatly, and thinking with how clear a conscience he should meet the minister in his morning walk, nor shrink from the eye of good old Deacon Gookin. With this excellent resolve for the future, goodman Brown felt himself justified in making more haste on his present evil purpose. He beheld the figure of a man, in grave and decent attire. But, irreverently consorting with these grave, reputable, and pious people, these elders of the church, these chaste dames and dewy virgins, there were men of dissolute lives and women of spotted fame, wretches given over to all mean and filthy vice, and suspected even of horrid crimes. It was strange to see that the good shrank not from the wicked, nor were the sinners abashed by the saints. By the sympathy of your human hearts for sin ye shall scent out all the places-whether in church, bedchamber, street, field, or forest-where crime has been committed, and shall exult to behold the whole earth one stain of guilt, one mighty blood spot. The fiend in his own shape is less hideous than when he rages in the breast of man. Now are ye undeceived. Evil is the nature of mankind. Evil must be your only happiness. Welcome again, my children, to the communion of your race.

Disparities Within The Health Care Environment - 1702 Words

Healthcare Disparities Healthcare disparities have been an issue all over the world for a very long time. The purpose of this paper is to give you knowledge on disparities within the health care environment. This paper will discuss the definition of disparities, types of disparities, reasons for disparities, statistical data from trends and reports, and information on disparities elimination and improvements. What are healthcare disparities? Defining a disparity can eliminate confusion that disparities only relates to one type of group. It is commonly thought that disparities fall under racial and ethnic disparities. In all reality there are many areas of healthcare disparities. The best way to describe a healthcare disparity is be seeing it as a greater or lesser health outcome between populations. Another way to view disparities within the population is based off of the higher rates of disease, deaths, and suffering (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2016). There are others areas of healthcare disparities to look into, such as immigrants and sexual orientation but for the purpose of this paper the following types will be the main areas discussed. The types of disparities of concern in this paper will include racial or ethnicity, gender, disabilities, socioeconomic, and geographic (Promotion, 2014). When looking into the racial or ethnic disparities, the population identifies themselves as racial or ethnic minority groups. Some examples of this population couldShow MoreRelatedHigh Rates Among Various Ethnic Backgrounds1060 Words   |  5 Pages Healthcare disparities exist at higher rates among various ethnic backgrounds as well as individuals with disabilities. Although receiving good healthcare should be a privilege, statistics have shown that social determinants such as poor education, low income, limited access to quality care, as well as environmental factors have contributed to healthcare disparities. If society could improve barriers like health e ducation, communication, and healthcare cost, quality healthcare could be successfullyRead MoreNational Healthcare Quality And Disparities Report 20141013 Words   |  5 Pagesproblem is America is the health disparities that vary across the nation. Health disparities â€Å"refer to differences in access to or availability of facilities and services. Health status disparities refer to the variation in rates of disease occurrence and disabilities between socioeconomic and/or geographically defined population groups†(Health Care Disparities, 2009). Even though one RAND study suggests that virtually every demographic is at risk of not receiving needed care, there are definitelyRead MoreHealth Disparities Among African Americans1355 Words   |  6 PagesHealth disparities amongst African-Americans continue to destabilize not just the various communities but the health care system as a whole. 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The relationshipRead MoreThe National Center For Health Statistics Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pagesgreater social and physical isolation, lack local seco ndary level providers and primary care services in sufficient quantities or within manageable travel distances (Cohen et al., 2016). According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, rural Americans: 1) Are older, poorer, and less healthy than non-rural residents; 2) Have a life expectancy 6 months shorter than non-rural counterparts with a widening disparity trend over time; 3) Experience more activity limitations from chronic conditionsRead MoreHealth Disparities Among Women Veterans1237 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Within the last ten years, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has begun to measure and collect data on gender-neutral health screenings to determine if there were any gender specific health disparities among the veteran population. The findings of the study showed some significant disparities between sexes. In an article recently written by Whitehead, Czarnogorski, Wright, Hayes, Haskell (2014), and published in the American Journal of Public Health, disparities among women veteransRead MoreHealth Disparities Among Homeless Women And Their Children1015 Words   |  5 Pages Health Disparities Among Homeless Women and Their Children Geraldine Barron Denver School of Nursing Cohort C â€Æ' Health Disparities Among Homeless Women and Their Children Health care disparities is known for its vulnerability among low income and minority status populations. 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Merrell Obesity Rates in Low-Income Children All Americans are at risk of developing obesity, with an obesity rate of 36.5% of the population (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). The increase of obesity in the United States has led to the development of other costly comorbidities, such as diabetes, cardiovascularRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Relationships On Mental Health1485 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationships can influence behavioral health, psychological health, physical health, and mortality in a myriad of ways (Umberson and Montez, 2010). In general, healthy and high-quality social relationships are those characterized by support and mutual respect; whereas unhealthy and low-quality social relationships are those deemed toxic through stress and disrespect. High-quality social relationships, wherein people experience camaraderie and happiness, yield substantial health benefits. For instance, social

Problems Within Education Today s Education Essay

Problems Within Education Today For my extra credit assignment I would like to research, and write about the problems in education today. According to chapter eight in the book, worldwide one in five adults can not read or write, two thirds of them being women. The problems we are facing in education can be linked to other social problems such as poverty or unemployment, seeing that those who graduate college make up twenty percent of the unemployment rate, compared to the forty percent of the unemployment rate in people with less than a high school degree. Another issue facing education is the inequality of schools and school districts. School districts with a lower socioeconomic status must spend more money on things like maintaining the school. Thus, leaving less money to spend on bettering the education of the children, which in turn leads to higher rates of drop outs, and lower rates of college attendance. Therefore, leaving them more likely to be unemployed or live in poverty. Finally, another major problem facing the American education system is the lack of financial support. One survey revealed that the most common thing to happen due to budget cuts is to increase the class size, which has been directly correlated with poorer academic achievement. The problems facing education are plentiful, most of which are grounded in financial woes. These effects can be devastating to the lives of the children it affects or society as a whole, due to the statistics correlatingShow MoreRelatedThe Presence Of Operating Women s Crusades1471 Words   |  6 PagesThe presence of operating women s Crusades is an important factor in gaining rights for women. Within many countries there have been lively strives for women s rights during the 20th century to the present, even under the most tyrannical governments. The middle class movement has served as a rallying point in Latin America, as it was within the United States (Miller 159). Women have been challenging adversaries of dictatorial regimes, such a s the dictatorship in Mexico and Argentina. As in otherRead MoreCross Cultural Differences Between The United States, Finland, And South Korea Essay1738 Words   |  7 PagesDifferences in Education Education plays an important role in our everyday lives. It allows us to have the knowledge and capabilities to perform tasks and overcome challenges in a variety of situations. Education is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, beliefs, or values. These attributes that are acquired in education helps to get into college, start a career, or can even understand people. Within this research paper I will be examining the cross-cultural differences in education between theRead MoreIs Education A Mandatory Requirement?1177 Words   |  5 PagesPhrases like Knowledge is power and Education is the key to a bright future have been used often throughout the course of my life. 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Ofsted (2001) said inclusion isRead MoreAndrew Mann s Philosophy On Education943 Words   |  4 Pages Horace Mann, also known as the father of American education, created eight major theories that are vital to our education system today. Mann s Value Theory contributed to society s views on education. His Value Theory explained the goals of education. Mann believed that education should be open to all people, regardless of their financial status. This concept of Value Theory is much like my educational experience. Growing up, my family was not financially well off. However public school gave meRead MoreHow Physical Activity Affects The State Of Georgia Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesWith technology taking over the world today, I feel like that has made the United States extremely lethargic and it has started to affect our little ones. When I was growing up I did not have the luxury of staying inside the house and watching television. 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Alcohol Abuse in College Free Essays

Alcohol abuse in the college students is an important public health concern especially in today’s media-oriented era. Nearly everyday we hear about new pharmaceuticals, drug clubs, HIV and aids, and the effects of alcohol abuse, and most of us have some personal experiences with these issue: through family, friends, or co workers (Ksir et al., 2006). We will write a custom essay sample on Alcohol Abuse in College or any similar topic only for you Order Now College life is a period of achieving independence, experimentation, and taking risks. A crucial type of experimentation associated with college students is the alcohol use and abuse. One of the many challenges that college students face is the decision about whether to use alcohol or not. A lot of normal students experiment with alcohol; however, many college students progress past experimentation and become alcohol abuser. Alcohol abuses do develop problems and that substantially affect the college students activities and their future adult lives. This paper provides a deeper understanding about the issue on alcohol abuse particularly in college students and to examine their collegiate drinking experiences in relation to family backgrounds. Review of Related Literature Most college students are exposed to substances such as alcohol and marijuana at some point in their young lives and subsequently make decisions about their use of them. One important source of information on the prevalence of adolescents alcohol use comes from the Monitoring the Future National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Findings, 2002 (MTF) study (Johnston et al, 2003). MTF is a longitudinal research project that has consistently collected data on the reported use of substances in national samples of adolescents since 1975, and the data from the MTF provide a reasonable picture of the level of substance use for adolescents across the United States. According to this study, the most frequently reported drugs used by adolescents in each grade were alcohol. The data on lifetime use provide an estimate of the number of adolescents who have experimented with a particular substance. Alcohol drinking was reported as being the most used substance across all adolescents in the sample. For example, more than 70% of college students reported having used alcohol in their lifetime, and almost 50% reported using alcohol in the past month. The above data clearly indicate that many college students report an experimental use (Johnston et al, 2003). An emerging body of research on children of alcoholics documents persistent negative consequences of parental alcohol abuse on drinking. A majority of existing of these studies are limited by their focus on families who seek treatment or who come to the attention of the health and legal systems, thus neglecting other children of alcoholics who may not have behavioral, emotional, or substance abuse problems (Russell et. al , 1985). The literature of children of alcoholics is further limited by the fact that there has been very little research on collegiate children of alcoholics, a group that has been academically successful despite any negative effects of family alcohol abuse. Yet there maybe tendency for children of alcoholics to begin problem drinking in late adolescence, the age at which most students begin college. Indeed, Pandina and Johnson’s (1989) longitudinal research on general population of New Jersey adolescents (ages 12-21) suggested that the negative effects of an alcoholic family on one’s own drinking may not emerge until late adolescence (18-21). This tendency might be intensified on entering the college environment, where academic pressures can be severe, where adolescents are struggling with the development of an adult identity, and where alcohol use is often a prominent feature of social occasions. Yet despite an extensive literature on alcohol use among college students in general, only few studies have attempted to examine the approximate size, drinking patterns, or alcohol-related problems of collegiate children of alcoholics. How to cite Alcohol Abuse in College, Papers

Business Project Management Flinders Street Railway Station

Question: Describe about the Business Project Management for Flinders Street Railway Station. Answer: The iconic Flinders Street Railway Station located in Melbourne town is undergoing a constructional up radiation project aimed at restoring the heritage building and making it structurally sound, besides conserving the area in a sustainable manner. This paper is aimed at identifying the Project Management Approach, the Procurement Management Plan, the Quality Management Plan and Quality Baseline that should be utilized in the project so as to ensure the successful completion of the same. Project Management Approach Researcher Kerzner (2013) is of the opinion that following approaches are utilized for managing organizational project activities: Traditional approach: The traditional approach of project management consists of the following phases: project initiation stage, project planning and design stages, project monitoring and control stages, project execution stage and project completion stage (Walker 2015). The author is also of the opinion that the traditional approach of project management is extremely rigid, and is thus utilized in such projects in which adherence to specific plans and strategies is essential. Critical chain approach: The critical chain approaches on the identification and analysis of the constrains and risks associated with any project so as to ensure it successful completion. Researchers Mir and Pinnington (2014) are of the opinion that the critical approach of project management has been found to be considerably effective in maintaining the quality levels of the projects. The PRINCE2 approach, as remarked by Fewings (2013), includes efficient quality management processes, along with control and monitoring activities for ensuring the fact that the outcome o the project are in alignment with the objectives of the same. The Flinders Street Railway Station up gradation project is aimed at the conservation of an existing heritage building: thus, the development of detailed plans, along with effective control and monitoring of activities are some of the most essential aspects of the project. Thus, the traditional approach of project management would be most suitable for the said project. Procurement Management Plan According to Crawford (2014), the procurement management plan essentially outlines the activities to be conducted during the procurement process. The author has also identified the most important aspects of such plans, the details of which have been outlined below: Identification of the contract to be used: According to Whitaker (2016), conducting the Make-or-Buy Analysis is the very first step of procurement management process. The authors are also of the opinion that, in case the project management team decides on to utilize the services of other service providers to conduct the operational aspects of the project, the selection of the appropriate contract type becomes necessary. On the other hand, researchers Ferri et al. (2014) have commented that the Fixed-Price Contracts and the Cost-Reimbursable Contracts are two of the most widely used contracts used in construction process. The former contract types mandates paying a fixed amount of money to the contractor irrespective of any changes in the prices of the materials being used, while the second one encourages paying the contractors for their services only. It is a well known fact that the prices of constructional materials tend to change during the lifecycle of projects: thus, the Cost-Reimbursable Contracts should preferably be used in project under consideration. The delivery dates of the project need to be highlighted by the higher management associated with the project (Giannakis 2012). A tender should be arranged for, thus encouraging service providers to participate in the contracting process. It is worth mentioning that the selection of the vendors should be based on the service they are capable of providing and the charges demanded for the same. The quality of the services provided by the contractors have to be monitored periodically and the changes might have to be included in the procurement processes based on the results of such activities (Ferri et al. 2014). Quality Management Plan Roles and responsibilities of the quality control team: The roles and responsibilities of the team associated with the quality control activities of the project are being defined below: Sl. No Role Responsibility 1 Quality control manager (Harris and McCaffer 2013). i. Ensuring the adherence to the quality management plan ii. Ensure that all quality control processes are followed. 2 Field Superintendent i. Conducting daily inspections ii. Developing weekly quality reports iii. Documenting all mention worthy events that occur on the construction site (McGeorge and Zou 2012). Quality control execution The following activities need to be conducted for ensuring the quality of the project: The characteristic features of the constructional work being conducted has to be defined. Surveillance and inspection mechanisms have to be conducted on a daily basis (Walker 2015). The work permits, licenses and certifications associated with the project need to be adhered to during the lifecycle of the same (McGeorge and Zou 2012). Quality Baseline The table below provides detailed discussion on the quality control standards being utilized in the project: Project Product Respective Quality Control Standards Respective Inputs Project schedule The project schedule has to be inspected in order to ensure the following: i. Resources are allocated to each project activity (McGeorge and Zou 2012). ii. Resource allocation does not exceed cent percent iii. Representation of project activities has been done in a realistic manner. i. Standard project schedules ii. Completed and well documented project plan Documentation utilized in Change Management process The change management document has to be inspected in order to ensure the following: i. Change requests have been documented appropriately (Harris and McCaffer 2013). ii. Minutes of meetings conducted for reviewing the change requests have been documented appropriately (Whitaker 2016). iii. Change orders have been included in the project schedule in an appropriate manner(Walker 2015). i. Change Management Plan ii. Change requests iii. Revised project management plan Test plans and use cases The test plans and use cases have to be inspected in order to ensure the following: i. The test plans had been developed while considering all the issues that might exist in the project (Harris and McCaffer 2013). ii. The repair work estimates included in the task schedule are realistic i. The test plans ii. The defect management plans iii. Revised project schedules (Walker 2015) References Crawford, J.K., 2014.Project management maturity model. CRC Press. Ferri, L.M., Oelze, N., Habisch, A. and Molteni, M., 2014. Implementation of responsible Procurement Management: An Institutional Perspective.Business Strategy and the Environment. Fewings, P., 2013.Construction project management: An integrated approach. Routledge. Giannakis, M., 2012. The role of procurement in the management of supplier relationships.International Journal of Procurement Management,5(3), pp.368-408. Harris, F. and McCaffer, R., 2013.Modern construction management. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H.R., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. McGeorge, D. and Zou, P.X., 2012.Construction management: New directions. John Wiley Sons. Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), pp.202-217. Walker, A., 2015.Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons. Whitaker, S., 2016. Procurement Management. InPass the PMP Exam(pp. 405-444). Apress.

PESTLE And PORTERs Analysis of Mcdonalds Fast Food Chain

Question: Discuss about the McDonalds Analysis: PESTLE and PORTERs Analysis. Answer: Introduction: McDonalds is a very famous company based in U.S. and was founded by Maurice and Richard in the year 1940. It is one of the largest fast food chains of hamburgers. There are about 119 countries where McDonalds is present and it serves about more than 68 million customers each day. There are more than 34000 locations of McDonalds all over the world. McDonalds is a public company that is listed as MCD on NYSE. Some of the main products of McDonalds include hamburgers, soft drink, chicken, and coffee, salads, French fries, desserts and breakfasts. (Association, 2011)The position of McDonalds is as a global leader in the fast food restaurant market. The company is also present in Singapore and is located in 71 W coast Hwy etc food business could be understood in a better way in the country on 200 Stadium Boulevard. This report further includes the PEST analysis and the Porters five forces model analysis of McDonalds in Singapore so that the market environment of fast of Singapore. PEST Analysis One of the techniques for analyzing the external environment of a business is PEST analysis. The word PEST basically stands for Political, Economical, Social and Technological factor that affects the business. The PEST analysis of McDonalds is as follows: Political Factors: The business of the McDonalds was started in the year 1979. Currently there are 110 restaurants in Singapore and the company serves about 1.2 million people each weak. The operations of the McDonalds are influenced highly by the political situations of various states. (Murphey, 2000)The various changes that take place in the country affect the business of the McDonalds. The changes the affects the business of the McDonalds includes the changes in the labor laws, food administration, taxation and health related laws. While going through the political considerations of the Singapore it was found that Singapore is a bureaucratic country and all the political powers of Singapore are in the hands of the government. It is believed by the government of Singapore to communicate the efforts directly to its public rather than taking any kind of opinions from the public. The politics of the Singapore is a mixture or bureaucracy and democracy. (Roper, 2012)When we move towards the business of McDonalds then it can be seen that the company handles various political situations in its business operations. There are many problems that are being faced by the company at various places for examples the rules and regulations keep on changing from time to time due to the health implications of the fast food like the cholesterol and the obesity. It is not a difficult task for McDonalds to handle the political situations of the Singapore. Economical Factors: There are various industries all over the world that often attracts the economy of Singapore. Singapore has been ranked as the second most open economy by the Heritage Foundations Index. As seen to the macroeconomic terms it can be concluded that the economy of Singapore is highly stable.(Service, 2015) Singapore does not have any kind of foreign debt on itself and the revenue of the government is very high and is very surplus consistently. (Baraban, 2010)The economy of the Singapore was shown by the country during the financial crises. In the year 2007-08 the there was economic slowdown all over the world and in Singapore many companies slide down due to that slowdown but still Singapore showed economic stability.(Caterersearch, 2011) Also in the year 2010 Singapore was one of the emerging fastest growing economy in the world when many countries that were very powerful were struggling in the world, some of the countries that were struggling were Europe and U.S. The area of Singapore has very less resources and the area is also not very big. The important industries that often contribute in the economy of Singapore further development are: Tourism Exports of various machinery and electronic items Largest cargo seaport all over the world Financial services When considering the fast food business it can be very well said that the Singapore economy is very beneficial for this industry (fast food industry).(Franchises, 2011) Singapore has a very wide scope for the fast food sector for different kind of people as it is the tourist place. The rate at which the economy of Singapore is growing is estimated to be 4.9% and also the disposable income of Singapore is very high. The country has a GDP of $318.9 billion. The country attracts the fast food business due to its high GDP, per capita income and continuous growth. McDonalds has been very established in Singapore and covered its area in a very successful manner. Social Factors McDonalds deals with the socio-cultural issues in a very efficient manner. The quality of life in Singapore has helped McDonalds to be successful there as the people in Singapore lead a high quality of life. It is of the smallest country in the area of South east but it poses a best quality of life. The people with varied social and cultural background are present in Singapore. (Myownspunk, 2011)But the tourists who often visit Singapore come from different places and have different tastes and preferences. The Singapore has materialistic culture and the people often face constant pressure. The life of the people is maintained by 5Cs Car, Cash, Condo, Country club and Credit card. Though there was too much of stress in Singapore still it was named as one of the happiest countries in Asia. McDonalds does not have to face much of difficulty in doing its business in Singapore.(Rainsford, 2001) Technological factors A very big role is being played by the technology in the development of any country. As Singapore is very well developed in terms of technology so this helps the McDonalds in the marketing , distribution and production. The main advertising technique that is used by McDonalds is television commercials for the marketing of its products.(Gad, 2011) There are various developments in the internet facilities that has helped McDonalds in the establishment of its business. McDonalds Five forces Model The position of the McDonalds in the market is due to its very good response to the five forces in the industry environment. The porters five forces helps in the identification of the various external factors that influence the company.(Roy, 2011) The following intensities is yielded by the five forces analysis of McDonalds: Competition/ competitive rivalry (Strong) Threat of substitutes (Strong force) Bargaining power of the customers or the buyers ( strong force) The bargaining power of the suppliers (weak force) The threat of new entrants ( moderate force) Competitive rivalry (strong force) A very tough competition is being faced by the McDonalds due to the saturation of the fast food industry. The below mentioned external factors affects the competitive rivalry of the McDonalds: Low switching cost (very strong) High number of firms (strong force) The aggressiveness of the firms is also very high ( strong force) There are many firms of various sizes in the fast food industry like the global chains which includes McDonalds and various local mom and pop restaurants. Also there are various medium and large firms that keep on marketing their products. (Maybury, 2000)The switching costs of the customers of the McDonalds is very low that means that the customers can easily transferred to various other restaurants like Wendys. So, it can be concluded that this is a very strong force that affects the business of McDonalds. The bargaining power of the buyers/customers ( Strong Force) The power of the customers shall be dealt by the McDonalds significantly. This force deals with the demands and the influences of the customers. (Grundy, 2006)In the case of McDonalds following are the forces that affect the bargaining power of the buyers: High Availability of the substitutes (strong) The switching cost is low(strong) Large number of providers(strong) As its very easy to change from one restaurant to another which means that the switching cost is low in case of McDonalds the customers can easily move to other restaurants. As the saturation is there in the countries like Singapore the customers can easily shift from McDonalds to other restaurants if they are not satisfied.(Dobbs, 2014) It is required that the McDonalds develop various strategies so that the loyalty of the customers is maintained. Bargaining power of the suppliers of the McDonalds (weak force) There are various suppliers that influence the McDonalds. This element shows the impact that the suppliers have on the McDonalds. Following are the various factors: Low vertical integration(weak force) High overall supply(weak force) There is a large population of suppliers due to which the individual suppliers are affected; this is due to the lack of regional and global alliance of the suppliers.(Burke, 2010) According to this element it can be concluded that the power of the supplier is minimal for the McDonalds. Threat of the substitutes (Strong Force) One of the main concerns for the McDonalds is the threat of the suppliers. Following are the factor that affects this element: Low switching costs (strong force) High performance and cost ratio (strong force) High availability of the substitutes (strong force) There are lots of substitutes for the McDonalds, also consumers have the option for cooking their food by themselves and it is very easy for the consumers to shift to other substitutes at a low cost. Threat of new entrant (moderate force) The market share of the McDonalds can be impacted by the new entrants. Some of the external factors that are affecting this element are: Moderate cost of capital (moderate force) Low costs of switching (strong force) High cost of development of brand (weak force) As the cost of switching which is very low the consumers can easily shift from the McDonalds to other options. (Greogary, 2015)This shows that the threat of new entrants is moderate in the case of McDonalds and it shall take various steps to improve that. Recommendations: According to the PESTLE analysis of McDonalds it has been observed that there are various opportunities for the growth of the McDonalds. The company can take the opportunities by capitalizing on the technological strategies so that the productivity and the efficiency can be enhanced.(Gillespie, 2007) The Product quality of the McDonalds can also be improved so that the political or the socio-cultural factors can be enhanced. The indication given by the PEST analysis is that the company needs to develop various strategies to deal with the potential threats. There are various opportunities for the McDonalds if it expands its operations in the high-growth economies like the South-East Asian countries. Conclusion: At last it can be concluded that the McDonalds is the largest company in the business of fast food and it has a very well established business in all the parts or the countries of the world. In Singapore as well it has developed itself in a very well manner. The PEST analysis of the McDonalds in Singapore recommends that it is the recommended country to carry on the business of fast food as this country has a continuously growing economy. As the Singapore is tourism based country so there are very high amount of opportunities available for the successful running of the fast food business. The various political, social, economical and legal aspects are in favor of the fast food business. Though there are few factors according to the porters model that are not in favor of McDonalds but those factors can also be very well addressed by formulating and implementing the various strategies. The company has ample opportunities for expanding its operations in the high-growth economies that in cludes the South East Asian countries which can prove out to be very beneficial for the McDonalds. References Association, H. I. (2011). An Introduction to PESTLE Analysis. HIA Ltd. Baraban, R. (2010). Successful Restaurant Design. London: John Wiley Sons. Burke, A. v. (2010). Blue ocean vs. five forces. Harvard Business Review , 88(5), 28-29. Caterersearch. (2011). McDonalds restaurants. [Internet], Leeds, LeedsMetropolitanUniversity. Retrieved JUly 23, 2016, from https://www.mcdonalds.ca/en/aboutus/faq.aspx Dobbs, M. (2014). Guidelines for applying Porters five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates. . Competitiveness Review, , 24(1)., 32-45. Franchises. (2011). McDonalds. [Internet], Leeds, LeedsMetropolitanUniversity. Retrieved July 23, 2016, from https://franchises.about.com/b/2011/05/26/mcdonalds-renovations.htm Gad. (2011). Population prediction. [Internet], Leeds, LeedsMetropolitanUniversity. Retrieved July 23, 2016, from https://www.gad.gov.uk/Documents/Demography/Projections/2000-based_National_population_projections.pdf Gillespie, A. (2007). PESTEL analysis of the macro-environment. Foundations of Economics,. USA: Oxford University Press. Greogary, L. (2015). Panmore Institute. Retrieved July 23, 2016, from https://panmore.com/mcdonalds-five-forces-analysis-porters-model Grundy, T. (2006). Rethinking and reinventing Michael Porters five forces model. . Strategic Change, , 15(5), 213-229. Maybury, M. T. (2000). Five forces. In System Sciences,. Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International Conference on , Vol. 4, pp. 579-588. Murphey, M. . (2000). UCF Research Guides. Industry Analysis. PESTLE Analysis. . Business Horizons, , 17(5), 27-38. Myownspunk. (2011). Hamburger-Robot. [Internet], Leeds, LeedsMetropolitanUniversity. . Retrieved July 23, 2016, from https://www.myownspunk.com/robots/lego-hamburger-robot Rainsford, P. (2001). The restaurant start up guide. London: Kaplan professional company. Roper, K. (2012). BIM Implementation: PESTEL Drivers Barriers. (Cross-national Analysis). In World Workplace . Roy, D. (2011). Strategic Foresight and Porters Five Forces. . New York: GRIN Verlag. Service, U. S. (2015). United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. Retrieved July 23, 2016, from https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-markets-prices/food-service-industry/market-segments.aspx

Application Essay - The Right Essay Samples

Application Essay - The Right Essay SamplesTo some people, writing an application essay for college admission may seem like a headache. But they don't know what to do, where to start and how to go about it. They often have some doubts in their mind and this is just because of the overwhelming number of essay samples available to them.But there are a few things that you should remember before opting for any of the essay samples available on the internet. You should first make sure that these essay samples are suitable for your application essay and not just an extra thing to have in your bag. The essay samples should be carefully analyzed before accepting them for any purpose.There are some websites which have actual students of different schools who write their applications, but they may not be able to put it well into words. A final decision has to be made whether these students are going to help you or not.Essays are meant to convey information to the applicant and not just to sati sfy their own curiosity. If you want to focus on your application essay, you have to study carefully what you write, as well as the amount of time that you can spare.In most cases, the essay samples are short-form, so that you can easily address the problems that you may have in your application essay. However, if you are looking for something that has a bit more depth, then you can opt for some real essays written by real students. There are many websites that offer these services and you can easily browse through them.There are many sites that give you the important information that you need to make your college admission successful. Even if you are planning to write an application essay for college admission, but have some doubts in your mind, you have to make sure that you will not fail your college application.Reading some useful articles online and reviewing some good essay samples and then applying them in your own application can surely help you in making the best out of it. It is not so difficult to make an application essay, so you can try as long as you have the patience and know how to make it successful.

20 Th Century Attitude Essays - John Updike, Sylvia Plath

20 th century attitude 20th century writers dealt with many issues and themes throughout their writing. The authors that I have chosen to look at are Updike, Beatti, Rothke and Plath. These authors and their works will each be evaluated by how they deal with the subjects love, death, loss and passing of time. The short story Separating by John Updike deals with the subject of love and I also believe it deals with the themes quest for identity and alienation and nausea . The story talks about how two parents are going through the process of telling their children that they are going to separate. This is important to them because they do love their children very much; they want to make the timing perfect so it is easier on the children. The father and mother seemed as though they needed to find out who they really were without their children. They did all things for the kids. They said that they loved one another but yet they didnt make each other happy. I think that they just werent sure what made them happy. Weekend a short story by Ann Beattie deals with the subject of loss of time and the same theme that Updikes story dealt with quest for identity .I chose the subject of time because at first they loved one another and had a good relationship and then time passed and they ended up in such a weird place in their relationship. George had control over Lenore in the way that she never knows that she can leave him and be okay. She stays with him because she does care for him but also because she has a place to put her children and herself to sleep. Wish for a Young Wife a poem by Theodore Rothke is one that goes into the subject of loss or the idea of loss. This is a man who is telling his wife that he hopes that even while he grows old he wishes that she were beautiful and young for eternity. H e wishes her to never endure grief or hate; these are the very things that make one old. He could be very much in love with his wife and by wishing this for her, so she never looses her beauty. Or, he could be wishing these things for his benefit so he never looses his beautiful young wife. Sylvia Plaths poem Lady Lazarus deals mainly with the subject of death. Im not sure completely but this could be humor in the horror , I know it is not a nightmare world but, pick the worms off of me like sticky pearls is some sort of gross humor. She discusses her 3 suicide attempts, comparing herself to a cat with 9 lives. She also includes a comparison of herself to a concentration camp victim. She states dying is an art I do it exceptionally well. Doctors are her enemy and she warns them to beware. Overall in most literature you can see a little of death, love, loss and a loss of time. These subject matters are used so frequently because those things are life. They are the things people feel strongly about. People relate and understand these topics.

Sometimes All You Need Is Yourself Professor Ramos Blog

Sometimes All You Need Is Yourself Everyone has at least one person who has someone who has helped them throughout their life. Maybe they have quite a few. For me those people would be myself, my mom, my aunt semida, and my fiancà © Bobby. Throughout my whole life it’s been a constant roller coaster. To this day I am still learning and applying what I was thought to my daily life whether it’s at school, work, or on my free time. Sometimes, all you need is yourself to help learn certain things others might not be able to help you on. Let me tell you a little bit about my sponsor, my mom. She’s an extraordinarily amazing, strong woman. She is about 5’6 with long dark brown hair with these hazel eyes. When she was 17  ½ she got electrocuted to 20,000 volts of electricity. At the age of 18, my grandparents, my mom and her siblings all came to the United States from Romania for a better life. My mom has been through so much in the past 48 years. She has always told me â€Å"be kind, to love, and always wish well upon those who do you wrong† by the age of 12. She taught me how to read, write and speak English before I went to kindergarten. My mom helped me understand what it’s like to appreciate the little things in life without having that luxury. She has not stopped helping me grow into the woman I am today. Another sponsor in my life would be my aunt. She is my mom’s younger sister. She is about 5’7 with short brown hair and light hazel eyes. My aunt Semida has been through enough to help me understand quite a few things. She’s always been like a second mom to me. When I would go through some problems I couldn’t talk to my mom about, she was my go to. Semida, helped me deal with depression, break ups and broken hearts, and simply giving me advice. When I was about 15 my aunt helped me practice my driving skills without a permit. She taught me how to drive a manual transmission car when I finally got my permit at 18. Yeah big gap to finally get my license. At the age of 20 going into 21 she helped me understand to see and read the red flags in a relationship, to get out before it was too late. By the time I turned 21 she also taught me and said â€Å" you don’t need a man to make you happy, just yourself and doing what you love.† Finally, my last sponsor would be the love of my life, my fiancà ©, Bobby. He comes from a family of law enforcement. He’s strong and independent. Bobby is about 5’10, built with tattoos all over with light brown eyes. When I met him, I was going through quite a lot. Dealing with anxiety and constantly trying to find someone to complete my heart. He taught me that women are not just for sex and to take advantage of but women need to be loved, cherished and given the world. He always has a way with words. Bobby and I have our own knowledge on certain things and in certain areas. In some areas he knows more about law enforcement than I do and in certain areas I know more about the medical field. I know how to speak more than one language when he only knows two. At the age of 21 I took an English class and had to write about racism. I ended up writing about how a majority of the cops are racist. When we discussed the essay, he opened my eyes to realize and say â€Å"You are misinformed about what actually happens in and during certain situations that involve police shootings. The media has its way to draw in audience by giving them what they want to see and hear.† So to get my facts checked and to actually see what goes on I watch Live PD. Apart from that, he has also showed me what love is from someone who truly cares about you. I know he gets busy with work and has a lot on his plate but he never fails to tell me â€Å"I love you. No matter how busy I get, I love you.† He has shown me how to be treated with respect and to always be there for each other. In a relationship you don’t always have to be serious. Sometimes you cannot always put in 50/50. Sometimes you need to give 80/20 and be there to pick up your significant other. Now, enough about my sponsors. A little bit about myself. I am a 22 year old college student with a story. I am 5’6 with long brown hair, hazel eyes with what most will say, â€Å"a perfect smile.† At the age of 3 or 4 I began to draw. Put a piece of paper and crayons or a pencil and I would just doodle. For about 19 years I never stopped drawing, mastering my skills. Around the age 18 I taught myself how to be confident.I wake up every morning and tell myself â€Å"Girl, you look gorgeous! You are a queen.† I also taught myself that everyone will have an opinion about you. Became confident to where others opinions about me don’t matter because I know myself and I’m comfortable in my own body. When I turned 21 I got my first tattoo to cover my scars, to help boost that confidence. Most people have one person who helps them, to teach them certain things in life. Some might have more. I have more than what I wrote but these sponsors, these important people in my life have made me the person I am today. From self teaching, to my mom helping me and teaching me, from my aunt Semida helping me understand, to finally my fiancà © opening my eyes. Sometimes in life you don’t just need people close to you to help you learn or to teach you new things or subjects or possibly new ideas, maybe we teach ourselves new things nobody else could have taught us.

The World Oil Market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The World Oil Market - Assignment Example A tight balance between supply and demand can lead to high prices that cause both higher expenditures for consumers and higher incomes for producers. In economics, exhaustible resources generally follow the rule that the rate of growth must equal the rate of interest in order to reach industry equilibrium. However, due to the unpredictable character of future oil supply and demand conditions, oil prices do not generally follow this rule. Most of the time, it exhibits backwardation wherein future prices are lower than current ones. Future demand is hard to predict because it is difficult to foresee changes in energy technologies and it takes years for consumers to switch to other resources should prices go off the roof. On the other hand, investment is expensive and risky and it takes a while before production supply turns to high capacity. Oil prices also behave unexpectedly since the market is responsive to speculative pressures, operational constraints, and political conditions. Hu rricane Katrina, by reducing gasoline supplies (which is chiefly derived from crude oil), became one dramatic factor that caused oil prices to skyrocket in 2005. The storm reduced oil production, transportation, and refining capacity--it paralyzed major oil and gasoline pipelines that carried supplies down from the Gulf Mexico and took down offshore oil platforms. Power outages also caused problems in oil and natural gas distribution in many areas. The large drop in supplies caused oil prices to rise. Additionally, consumer expectation contributed to the demand component. With the hurricane retarding oil production and restricting supplies, they expected prices to rise. They immediately increased the demand by buying gasoline, hoping to fill up their tanks before prices start to rise. Reduced supply and increased demand caused oil prices to increase dramatically, as shown in the graph below: 3. Analyze the structure of the world oil market & identify what kind of market structure it has.   The world oil market structure is oligopolistic since the market is dominated by a limited number of suppliers. An industry is said to be oligopolistic if few supply the majority of the output and if those suppliers are interdependent. In oil production, about 50 percent of the output and 70 percent of the reserves are controlled by a cartel. Production is handled by both the public and private sectors. However, oil production is just one aspect of the market-converting and refining it to other consumer products is another facet of the total world oil industry, one which has its own dynamics and regulations. Worldwide supply and demand determine oil prices, with great influence from OPEC. On the supply side, OPEC provides most of the world's supply and normally acts as a semi-cartel, influencing oil prices by maintaining excess capacity. It also tries to maintain oil prices at its target level by setting quotas or production limits for its members. On the other hand, non-O PEC suppliers have generally limited reserves and typically behave as price takers. OPEC's policy in recent times is to control crude oil inventories and reserves in consuming nations in order to balance the market.

Spiritual Belief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Spiritual Belief - Essay Example In patience recovery, faith is important in contributing to the beliefs of the individual thus their ability to recover. The spiritual needs assessment of a relative to a patient helped reveal several demographic factors that may help devise proper psychological therapies for the patient thereby resulting in faster recovery. The assessment revealed that the patient had ardent faith in the Christian faith and was a staunch catholic. His beliefs were founded in the teachings of the Roman Catholic and so was his family’s. As a Christian ascribing to the doctrines of the faith, the respondent neither drinks nor smokes. Additionally, he portrays a social and loving personality often assisting those he interacts with whenever possible thus validating his support for the patient. The patient portrayed strong belief in the teachings of the faith thereby opting to live as per the demands of the Catholic Church. From the assessment, it became evident that one’s spiritual beliefs are important in determining their subsequent personalities. Religious beliefs contribute to the development of a personality within an individual as the interview portrayed. Most of the questions in the assessment tool sought to investigate the relationship between the faith and the social life of the individual. The respondent’s responses revealed a close relationship with the faith greatly influencing the social lives of the respondent (Reilly, 2011). Since the respondent is a catholic and that, the catholic teachings abhor alcoholism and cigarette. The respondent thus selects his social groupings carefully always avoiding smoker ad alcoholics. His religious beliefs thus influence the type of respondent’s lifestyle, such toxic substances as alcohol and cigarette affect health. By avoiding such for whichever reasons, one reduces chances of infections (Manent, 2011). Religious beliefs and the degree of beliefs in the teachings of a faith is a key factor that helps inf luence the type of lifestyle an individual leads. In this relation, religious beliefs thus influence the propensity of an individual being susceptible to certain lifestyle diseases such as those caused by alcohol, cigarettes and other religious contrabands. The assessment went well thereby revealing several important factors of religion that affect the health of an individual. Just as stated earlier, religion influences the relationship among people. The respondent’s belief in his faith that discourages discrimination resulted in an objective interaction between the respondent and the interviewer. The interaction was free and extremely interactive with the respondent opting to take the opportunity to pass some of his teachings to the respondent. The personal interaction between the respondent and the interviewer portrayed advanced development and maturity thereby leading to free flow of information from both sides. Such thereby contributed to the effectiveness of the study, w hich revealed several important facts about the relationship between religious belief, and lifestyle that is an important determinant of lifestyle diseases. Besides the personal relations between the respondent and the interviewer, communication between the two was effective a factor contributed to by several factors. The effectiveness of the interview ensured that the interviewee responded to all the questions and exhibited sincerity that improved the effectiveness of the study. The respondent owing to his inclination to his faith committed to the study and provided detailed answers to the questions in the tool. The free flow of information between the two permitted the respondent to provide examples of some of the issues he raised thereby developing factual relationship betw

Environmentally Friendly Hospital Menu

Environmentally Friendly Hospital Menu MANASA PENTA As a Registered Dietitian at the Sandringham Public hospital the below briefing paper on a proposal to revise existing hospital menu and plan a greener menu by including 100% foods used from local food producers around Melbourne. This is submitted to the Broad of Directors of the hospital for their approval. Context: According to the IPCC (2007), the global climate and other life-supporting environmental systems are seriously perturbed and depleted. Climate change-related drought prone and long-term drying conditions emerging in some sub-tropical regions around the world, higher temperatures, raising sea levels, increasing frequency of flooding, and acidification of oceans are now contributing to reduced quantity, quality and affordability of food in many countries. Australia is also facing environmental challenges, with an expected increase in average surface temperature of 0.6-1.5c by 2030. (Fd systems En sustain Pg1) Consequently, public concern over climate change, information and opportunities for people to lower their â€Å"carbon foot print†, a measure of the total consumer responsibility for greenhouse emissions, have become increasingly available. It is imperative that human health is placed within the context of the health of the planet. (food miles pg 3058). In general much of the research around climate change has concluded that food, home energy, and transportation together form a large share of most consumers’ personal impact (food miles pg 3058). Food has a huge impact on the environment. Food production contributes up to 29% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions (http://www.foodalliance.org.au/article/healthy-sustainable-diets/). Every step of the food supply chain, from production, to transport, processing, packaging and distribution has potential environmental consequences. There is a bi-directional relationship between environmental degradation and food systems. This requires us to consider the impact of climate change on food production and the impact of food production on the ecology of the biosphere, both of which have significant implications on public health. Food production over the past fifty years in particular has had severe environmental impacts in Australia and around the world. To a significant extent, this is due to unsustainable methods being used all the way along the supply chain from agricultural practices through to distribution methods and consumer habits. Due to the increasing acknowledgment o f environmental degradation through the unsustainable nature of many agricultural methods used around the world, the concept of sustainable diets has become popular. (http://www.foodalliance.org.au/article/healthy-sustainable-diets/). According to FAO 2010, Sustainable Diets are those diets with low environmental impacts which contribute to food and nutrition security and to healthy life for present and future generations. Why us? While there isn’t a ‘silver-bullet’ that will solve all the environmental issues of our food system at once, there are a number of actions our community can take to drive change in specific areas. The tremendous purchasing power and public visibility of hospitals could be a key lever for building infrastructure and demand for local food. Hospital efforts may also bring attention to public health impacts of the food system, including air and water pollution, residues from pesticides and other toxins, and health inequities in agricultural communities. A stronger focus on food helps hospitals play a role in promoting environmental sustainability and in raising awareness of its links to human health. Plan of Action On analysis the following food sustainable issues within the organisation need to be addressed to contribute to the overall Food is transported great distances Purchasing food that’s grown out of season Resources (especially water, fertiliser, Energy ) are used unsustainably Food Wastage Packaged Food Biodiversity impacts of agriculture Impacts of livestock production on environment Land being swallowed by urban sprawl Above issues can be address by following below practices to achieve food sustainability that not only benefit the organisation but also have an impact on local, national and global food sustainability issues. In Australia, food in the average shopping basket has travelled over 70,000 kms—that’s nearly two times the distance around the Earth. In fact, four imported items alone can account for nearly 50,000 kms. Even if a product is labelled as Australian-made it can still have ingredients from all over the world, adding to its transport footprint. Transporting food long distances, either across Australia or from overseas, generally uses up more non-renewable resources than producing and eating food locally. Energy, fuel, gas and water are consumed during transportation and storage adding to foods’ environmental impact. Transportation from farm, to processing plant, to consumer, can account for up to 11 per cent of food’s total greenhouse gas emissions. We can reduce emissions by buying food produced locally. Perhaps the most significant element of any sustainable food strategy is the menu. Appetising food is more likely to be eaten, so it is important to develop a menu that on the one hand is appealing to patients and staff, while on the other hand being high in both nutritional and sustainable value. Menu planning drives the choice of ingredients required, so it is important to design a menu that reduces the use of ingredients that have high environmental and health impacts. (6) Currently our hospital menu offered to patients and cafeteria offers a wide range of food choices without much emphasis on food sustainability. The aim of this project is to revise the hospital menu that is served in the cafeteria and for in-patients and in a years’, plan a â€Å"Greener Menu† that incorporates environmentally sustainable foods which are procured within 100 kilometres of radius around Melbourne. This initiative helps patients, staff and visitors to make healthy food choices and in turn helps in reducing our hospital’s eco-footprint on climate and environmental changes. Short term goals: In 3 months’ time, a minimum of 5% of foods used in the hospital kitchen to come from locally produced foods. In 6 months to aim for a minimum of 25% foods used in the hospital kitchen to come from locally produced foods. In 9 months to aim from a minimum of 50% In a years’ time to achieve the actual goal of 100% foods used to be procured from locally produced foods Above aim can be achieved by following below objectives: (5) By aligning the hospital menu with seasonal production and harvesting cycles Sourcing food locally Adding vegetarian and dairy-free option to the menu Choosing sustainably farmed meat and dairy Including meat dishes that have low environmental impact such as chicken, pork and eggs What needs to be done and how? Overview of evidence: There are various studies conducted in the past that have proven that adapting a healthier and sustainable food choices into the organisation’s menu in turn increased intake of these foods A definition of healthy food procurement that has been used in a review of policies is â€Å"a process which encompasses not just how public bodies procure food, but also how they determine what food they want to buy and from whom; receive and store food; prepare and serve food; dispose of waste food; and monitor their costs† [26]. In Ireland, the impact of a structured catering initiative on food choices was evaluated in a hospital setting [60]. A cross-sectional comparison was made using a 24-hour dietary recall and questionnaire of participants aged 18–64 years in two hospitals; one implemented a catering initiative that promoted nutritious food and reduced sugar, fat, and salt, and the other was used as a control (Table 3) [60]. Overall, this study found that improving the dietary quality of menu items provided in hospitals can reduce the amount of unhealthy nutrients such as fat, sugar, and sodium in foods served to patients in a hospital setting by up to 30% [60] 480 homebound, low-income seniors receiving Meals on Wheels over 4 months in Seattle, WA (USA) Increased access to fresh fruit and vegetables via home delivery. Seniors receiving baskets consumed 1.04 more servings than those in the control group. The number of seniors consuming >five servings per day increased by 17% from baseline. (62) Comprehensive initiative for food public institutions such as schools, hospitals, and prisons in the United Kingdom developed and disseminated a report to encourage consumption of locally grown foods and availability of healthy foods and build momentum for progress. Awareness of the program increased by 24% in 2 years; 72% of local authorities and 69% of schools supported initiative; 54% of users find the guidelines very useful or extremely useful; constraints were identified.(64) How this goal can be achieved? Firstly the current menu needs to evaluated and analysed to see where improvements can be made in regards sustainable change can be adapted. A short survey in the form of questionnaire can be used to determine staff and patients view on moving towards a sustainable menu Educating the food service staff, chefs and hospital management staff about the importance of moving towards a sustainable menu with in the hospitals. This session will also highlight the benefits of sustainable menus for the organisation’s food consumers and to the community. Create a seasonal fruit and vegetable calendar depending on what’s available around Melbourne. This information can be obtained from websites, for example www.vicfarmersmarkets.org.au/content/whats-season www.woolworths.com.au Need to source the local farmers for different foods, for example fruit, vegetables, meat, poultry and also any suppliers for locally produced food items such as jams, relishes, ice creams etc. While choosing the contractors, food sustainability specifications such as including organic, seasonal produce, choosing sustainability farmed meat and dairy. Some of the organisations that can find sustainable food producers around Melbourne. www.sustainabletable.org.au, www.localharvest.org.au, www.foodalliance.org.au, www.vicfarmersmarkets.org.au www.aco..net.au (Australian Certified Organic) Once this information is gathered, depending on what’s in season and what foods are available locally, different seasonal menus have to planned and consolidated by liaising with the hospital chefs and the food service team. When creating the menus by adding the region in the dish name or in the description, patients and staff can know where their food came from which in turn acts as role model to purchase local and seasonal produce. Once these menus are consolidated a short survey in the form of questionnaire among the staff can be conducted to get any feedback and suggestions that can be used to make any alterations. Finally, a review of the menus need to conducted to access if the original aim of including 100 percent locally and sustainably produced foods are incorporated in the menu initiative has been achieved. Also analysing the staff and patients food choices before and after the implementation of the Greener menu helps to evaluate if there a change in the way they chose the food items. Who is likely to support and challenge this proposal? The Key supports of this proposal at the community could be from The Local council – considering the proposals is addressing few food sustainability issues which in turn would benefit the community at both local and indirectly at a national scale. Government organisations and NGOs Local farmers as this proposal would the demand for their produce and contribute to their sales. The hospital patients, staff and people who access the hospital’s cafeteria as by purchasing this food they indirectly contributing towards a sustainable environment Challenges Challenges related to instructional buy-in Beyond the foodservice department, hospital leadership is crucial to building institutional capacity and commitment to buy local food. If senior administrators in charge of budget, human resources, procurement, community benefits, and overall institutional strategic direction do not support local food efforts, they can be can be severely crippled. By educating the foodservice department and the hospital leadership about the benefits of the proposal can build help building trust and also gives an opportunity to address their concerns towards the proposal. Challenges related to supply: It is important to note that farm-to-hospital initiatives may be substantially challenged by supply-side issues. Local production of food does not mean that producers would prefer to sell locally, or to sell to institutions. Many farmers are part of existing markets and do not produce enough additional food to supply high-volume institutional buyers. Large farmers may be uninterested in the additional marketing and customer relations that might be required to sell their products locally. So some research needs to be done to understand local producers and their supply ability. Local food may not always mean it’s from sustainable sources It is important to note that ‘local food’ doesn’t always mean it’s produced in environmental friendly conditions. So before accepting any contracts, it’s important to note what sustainable agricultural procedures are used. Visiting the farm yards or the food production units is a good idea to ensure sustainable farming or food productions methods are used. Summary: Recent studies suggest that there is a growing attention towards climate change and opportunities for people to lower their â€Å"carbon foot print† towards the growing Greenhouse gas emissions. It is now imperative that human health is placed within the context of the health of the planet. Every step of the food supply chain, from production, to transport, processing, packaging and distribution has potential environmental consequences. Hospital efforts may also bring attention to public health impacts of the food system, including air and water pollution, residues from pesticides and other toxins, and health inequities in agricultural communities. A stronger focus on food helps hospitals play a role in promoting environmental sustainability and in raising awareness of its links to human health This proposal aims at creating a greener menu in place of the current hospital menu where by addressing few food-sustainability issues that can be modified within the organization. The aim is to procure locally produced food items thereby decreasing food miles, buying local and seasonal foods, choosing sustainably produced food and animal products. This also helps to provide better sustainable and healthy choices to the patients and staff within the hospital. References 5. We Need to Talk About Food – How We Can All Build A Better Food System, https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/WhatCanIDo/Pages/SustainableFood.asx 6. Sustainable Food: A Guide for Hospitals 7. Food-Miles and the Relative Climate Impacts of Food Choices in the United States 8. Identifying Sustainable Foods: The Relationship between Environmental Impact, Nutritional Quality, and Prices of Foods Representative of the French Diet Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and DieteticsVolume 114, Issue 6, June 2014, Pages 862–869 26 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3986994/ [L’Abbà © M., Sunohara D., Wan J. Environmental Scan of Public Food proCurement Policies Related to Sodium. Public Health Agency of Canada; Ottawa, ON, Canada: 2011. pp. 1–93.] 28. 26 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3986994/ 60 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3986994/ The impact of a workplace catering initiative on dietary intakes of salt and other nutrients: a pilot study.Geaney F, Harrington J, Fitzgerald A, Perry IPublic Health Nutr. 2011 Aug; 14(8):1345-9. [PubMed] [Ref list] In Australia, food in the average shopping basket has travelled over 70,000 kms—that’s nearly two times the distance around the Earth. In fact, four imported items alone can account for nearly 50,000 kms. Even if a product is labelled as Australian-made it can still have ingredients from all over the world, adding to its transport footprint. Transporting food long distances, either across Australia or from overseas, generally uses up more non-renewable resources than producing and eating food locally. Energy, fuel, gas and water are consumed during transportation and storage adding to foods’ environmental impact. Transportation from farm, to processing plant, to consumer, can account for up to 11 per cent of food’s total greenhouse gas emissions. We can reduce emissions by buying food produced locally. Buying local produce also addresses some of the other food sustainability issues such as encouraging Promotes sustainable agriculture Gives fair and equal opportunities for local farmers Promotes healthy eating by choosing seasonal produces, Reducing the usage on fuel in terms of land / water and air travel for transporting food across the globe. Considering the multifactorial benefits that local food procurement has on the organisation’s food sustainability issues, it is identified as a key initiative that needs to be addressed in the organisation as a main priority. While there is no single solution to solve all the environmental issues of our food system at once, there are a number of actions our community can take to drive change in specific areas. Hospitals in the community act as role models 1